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Home > ÀüÁ¦Ç°º¸±â > Cloning °ü·Ã > DNA Ligation > Cloning ½ÇÇè ÀÔ¹®ÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¡®Step by Step Cloning °¡À̵塯

Cloning ½ÇÇè ÀÔ¹®ÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¡®Step by Step Cloning °¡À̵塯

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CloningÀ» À§ÇÑ ¸¹Àº ´Ü°è, óÀ½À̶ó¸é ´©±¸³ª ¾î·Æ½À´Ï´Ù.
´Ü°è ´Ü°è Â÷±ÙÈ÷ ³ª¾Æ°£´Ù¸é, ´ç½Åµµ Cloning °í¼ö°¡ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

Cloning À̶õ?
Plasmid (vector) ¶ó´Â ¸Å°³Ã¼¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿øÇÏ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ (insert) ¸¦ ¸¹Àº ¼ö·Î ÁõÆø½ÃÅ°±â À§ÇÑ ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐ ½ÇÇè±â¹ýÀ¸·Î, ¸ñÀûÀ¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ÀÓÀÇÀÇ vector¿¡ »ðÀÔÇÏ°í ÁõÆøÇÏ´Â ÀÏ·ÃÀÇ °úÁ¤À» cloningÀ̶ó°í ÁöĪÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Cloning ½ÇÇèÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ°øÇнÇÇèÀÇ ±âÃÊ ±â¼ú Áß Çϳª·Î Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ°í ºÐÀÚ»ý¹°ÇÐ ½ÇÇè¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëµÊ¿¡ µû¶ó ¹ü¿ë¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀº ±â¼ú·Î ³Î¸® ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾î ¿ÔÀ¸¸ç, ±Ù·¡¿¡´Â Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò 󸮾øÀÌ ÁøÇàÇÏ´Â cloning ¹æ¹ý (TA cloning, PCR cloning µî)À¸·Î È°¿ëÀ» ³ÐÇô°¡°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Cloning¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ insert DNA´Â »ùÇ÷κÎÅÍ genomic DNA ÃßÃ⡤Á¤Á¦Çϰųª, RNA¸¦ Á¤Á¦ ÈÄ ¿ªÀü»ç¹ÝÀÀÀ» ÅëÇØ cDNA¸¦ ÇÕ¼º, ¶Ç´Â PCR¿¡ ÀÇÇØ DNA ´ÜÆíÀ» ÁõÆøÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý µîÀ¸·Î È®º¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °£È¤ insert DNA¿Í vector°£ÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ºÎÀ§°¡ ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì, PCR primer¿¡ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿© µðÀÚÀÎÇÑ ÈÄ, insert DNA¸¦ PCR ÁõÆøÇÏ¿© cloning¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ insert DNA¿¡ µ¡ºÙÀÌ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱ⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

º» Cloning °¡À̵忡¼­´Â °¡Àå ³Î¸® »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý Áß¿¡ ÇϳªÀÎ (1) TA cloning°ú (2) Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ¹× ligationÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ cloning °úÁ¤À» TA cloningÀ» ÅëÇØ È®º¸µÈ clone¿¡¼­ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò 󸮸¦ ÅëÇØ insert¸¦ ºÐ¸®ÇÏ¿© ÃÖÁ¾ ¸ñÀû vector·Î ¿Å±â´Â ¿¹½Ã·Î µé¾î ½ÇÇè°úÁ¤À» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

[Cloning Workflow]

TA-cloning°ú Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ cloning
ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ CloningÀº insert DNA¿Í vector¸¦ °°Àº Á¾·ùÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò·Î ÀÚ¸£°í Á¤Á¦ÇÑ ÈÄ, ligase µîÀ» ÅëÇØ ¿¬°áÇØÁÖ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·Î ÁøÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¶§ vectorÀÇ MCS ¿¡¼­ ÀûÀýÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò (insert DNA¸¦ Àý´ÜÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò)¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇϸç, ÀûÀýÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ÀÚ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Â °æ¿ì insert DNAÀÇ PCRÀ» À§ÇÑ primer¸¦ µðÀÚÀÎÇÒ ¶§ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ¼­¿­À» Ãß°¡ÇÏ¿© ÁÜÀ¸·Î½á insert DNA ¾ç ¸»´Ü¿¡ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ PCRÀ» ÅëÇØ ºÎ°¡µÈ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò »çÀÌÆ®´Â DNAÀÇ ¾ç ¸»´Ü¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇϹǷΠÁ¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò 󸮽à Àý´Ü È¿À²ÀÌ ¶³¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ°í, insert DNAÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ó¸®/agarose gel Á¤Á¦ µîÀ» °ÅÄ¡±â À§ÇØ Ãʱ⿡ ¸¹Àº ¾çÀÇ DNA¸¦ È®º¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â ºÒÆíÇÔÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¹Àº ¾çÀÇ PCR »ê¹°À» È®º¸Çϱâ À§ÇØ PCR ÁõÆø »çÀÌŬÀ» ´Ã¸®±âµµ ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀÌ °æ¿ì insert DNA ¼­¿­¿¡ PCR ÁõÆø ¿¡·¯°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ È®·üµµ ÇÔ²² ³ô¾ÆÁö¹Ç·Î, Á¤È®ÇÑ ¼­¿­ÀÇ insert DNA¸¦ È®º¸ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â cloning ½ÇÇè¿¡ ÃßõÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
µû¶ó¼­ PCR·Î »ý¼ºµÈ insert DNAÀÇ ¿°±â¼­¿­À» È®ÀÎ (sequencing)ÇÏ°í, Á¤È®ÇÑ ¼­¿­À» °¡Áø insert DNA¸¦ ´Ù¼ö È®º¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï PCR »ê¹°À» ¹Ù·Î TA-cloning ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
TA-cloningÀ» ÅëÇØ insert DNA°¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ plasmid¸¦ È®º¸Çϸé, circular ÇüÅÂÀÇ plasmid¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò Àý´Ü½Ã º¸´Ù È¿À²ÀÌ ³ô°í, Á¤È®ÇÑ Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ °¡Áø insert DNA¸¦ È®º¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾î ÃÖÁ¾ ¸ñÀû vector¿¡ÀÇ cloning È¿À²µµ ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀåÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¾Æ·¡¿¡´Â High Fidelity PCR È¿¼Ò¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© insert DNA¸¦ ÁõÆøÇÑ ÈÄ TA-cloningÀ» °ÅÃÄ ÃÖÁ¾ ¸ñÀû vector¿¡ sub-cloningÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À» ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

    - TA-cloning°ú Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ cloning (Ŭ¸¯ÇÏ¿© ³»¿ëÀ» È®ÀÎÇϼ¼¿ä)
       1. Insert DNA (¸ñÀûÀ¯ÀüÀÚ) PCR
           - PCRÀÇ Á¤È®µµ¿Í PCR»ê¹° ¸»´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
       2. PCR »ê¹° Á¤Á¦
       3. PCR ÁõÆø»ê¹°ÀÇ TA cloning
       4. E. coli ÇüÁúÀüȯ (transformation)
       5. Insert È®ÀÎ


¡Ú PCR È¿¼ÒÀÇ Fidelity (Á¤È®µµ) ¿Í PCR »ê¹° ¸»´Ü¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ó¸® ÈÄ ¹ßÇö¿ë vector·ÎÀÇ sub-cloning
ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î TA-cloningÀ» ÅëÇØ È®º¸ÇÑ recombinant cloneÀº sequencing ÈÄ¿¡, ÃÖÁ¾ ¸ñÀûÇÏ´Â vector·Î ¸ñÀûÀ¯ÀüÀÚ (insert)¸¦ ¿Å±â´Â °úÁ¤À» ÁøÇàÇÏ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
½ÇÇè¸ñÀû, À¯ÀüÀÚ¸¦ ¹ßÇö½ÃÅ°°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â »ý¹°Á¾¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¾çÇÑ vector¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

  • ´Ù¾çÇÑ viral delivery system : Lentivirus, Adeno-associated virus(AAV), Retrovirus, Adenovirus - ¹Ù·Î°¡±â
  • CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system : Plasmdi, virus, single-cell cloning ½Ã½ºÅÛ - ¹Ù·Î°¡±â
  • ½Ä¹°¹ßÇö¿ë binary vector : Agrobacterium ¸Å°³ ½Ä¹°ÇüÁúÀüȯ¿ë vector µî - ¹Ù·Î°¡±â
  • E. coli protein expression vector : cold shock vector, Chaperone ¹ßÇö C.cell µî - ¹Ù·Î°¡±â

¿©±â¼­´Â 1) Adeno-associated virus system (AAV2)À» À§ÇÑ AAV vectorÀÇ sub-cloning °ú 2) ½Ä¹°ÇüÁúÀüȯÀ» À§ÇÑ binary vector·ÎÀÇ sub-cloningÀ» ¿¹½Ã·Î ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

   - Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ó¸® ÈÄ ¹ßÇö¿ë vector·ÎÀÇ sub-cloning (Ŭ¸¯ÇÏ¿© ³»¿ëÀ» È®ÀÎÇϼ¼¿ä)
       1. Expression vector ¶Ç´Â ÃÖÁ¾ ¸ñÀû vector ¹× insert DNA Áغñ
       2. Ligation ¹× E. coli ÇüÁúÀüȯ (transformation)
       3. Insert È®ÀÎ


¡Ú Á¦ÇÑÈ¿¼Ò ó¸®, ¾î·ÆÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¿ä!
¡Ú ±Ã±ÝÇØ¿ä~ Å»ÀλêÈ­È¿¼Ò (Alkaline Phosphatase)
Cloning - FAQs
Q1. LigationÀ̳ª ÇüÁúÀüȯ È¿À²ÀÌ ¶³¾îÁ³À» ¶§¿¡ º¯°æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °úÁ¤Àº ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî?
A1. ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Á¶°Ç °ËÅ並 ÃßõÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
  • Ligation ¹ÝÀÀ ½Ã°£À» ´Ã·ÁÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
  • DNA ¿ë¾×³»¿¡ ¿° (salt) ³óµµ°¡ ³ôÀ¸¸é ligation È¿À²ÀÌ ÀúÇϵǸç, ƯÈ÷ ¿¡Åº¿Ã ħÀü½Ã »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ammonium acetate´Â ligation ÀúÇØ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡, ¿¡Åº¿Ã ħÀü ½Ã ¿°ÀÌ ³²Áö ¾Ê°Ô ±ú²ýÀÌ washing ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
  • DNA ÃßÃâ kit¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì, ÃßÃâ¾×À» ¿¡Åº¿Ã·Î ħÀüÇÏ°í ¹öÆÛ¸¦ ±³È¯Çϸé ligation È¿À²À» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
  • µ¹Ã⸻´Ü (cohensive end) ligationÀÇ °æ¿ì DNA ¿ë¾× (vector+insert DNA)À» 60~65¡É¿¡¼­ 2~3 ºÐ Á¤µµ incubation ÈÄ, ¹Ù·Î Â÷°©°Ô À¯ÁöÇÑ »óÅ¿¡¼­ ligation ½Ã¾àÀ» ÷°¡ÇÏ¿© ¹ÝÀÀÀ» Çϸé, ligation¿¡ È¿À²ÀûÀÎ µ¹Ã⸻´ÜÀÌ È®º¸µÇ¾î ligation È¿À²À» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

À§ÀÇ ½ÇÇèÀ¸·Î ligation È¿À²ÀÌ °³¼±µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì¿¡´Â DNA Á¤Á¦¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ÁøÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

Q2. ±ä ´ÜÆíÀÇ cloning½Ã À¯ÀÇÇÒ Á¡Àº ¹«¾ùÀԴϱî?
A2. ±æÀÌ°¡ ±ä ´ÜÆíÀÇ ligationÀº È¿À²ÀÌ ÀúÇϵǴ °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. TaKaRa DNA Ligation Kit LONG (Code 6024)Àº ±ä ´ÜÆí ligation¿¡ ÃÖÀûÈ­µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î, 10 kb ÀÌ»óÀÇ ligationÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡ ÀûÇÕÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Insert DNA¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ plasmidÀÇ Àüü ±æÀÌ°¡ Å« °æ¿ì (ƯÈ÷, 10 kb¸¦ ³Ñ´Â °æ¿ì)¿¡´Â ´ëÀå±ÕÀ¸·ÎÀÇ µµÀÔ È¿À²ÀÌ ³·¾ÆÁö°í, ´ëÀå±Õ ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ plasmid ¾ÈÁ¤¼ºµµ ¶³¾îÁö¹Ç·Î, Á¤È®ÇÑ cloneÀ» È®º¸Çϱ⠾î·Á¿öÁý´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì Å« »çÀÌÁîÀÇ DNA¸¦ È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇüÁúÀüȯÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â E. coli HST08 Premium Competent Cells(Code 9128)ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Cloning °ü·Ã Á¦Ç° ¸®½ºÆ®
Á¤È®µµ¿Í ÁõÆøÈ¿À² ¸ðµÎ ÃÖÀû, Cloning¿ë PCR È¿¼Ò - PrimeSTAR¢ç GXL DNA Polymerase
Colony PCR¿ë premix - EmeraldAmp¢ç GT PCR Master Mix
°íÈ¿À²ÀÇ Ligation premix - DNA Ligation Kit £¼Mighty Mix£¾
Mighty TA-cloning Kit - Mighty TA-cloning Kit
Blunt end PCR »ê¹°ÀÇ TA cloning¿¡ ÃÖÀû - Mighty TA-cloning Reagent Set for PrimeSTAR¢ç
´Ù¾çÇÑ Å»ÀλêÈ­È¿¼Ò - Alkaline Phosphatase (Calf intestine) / Alkaline Phosphatase (E. coli C75)
°íÈ¿À² Competent Cell - E. coli Competent Cells/ E. coli Electro-Cells
°¡°ÝÀº down!, ¼º´ÉÀº up!! ¾÷±×·¹À̵å PCR cloning kit - In-Fusion¢ç Snap Assembly Master Mix